Juni na musamman 15. 40 shekaru na "78 mulkin"

Shekaru 40 kenan da gudanar da zaben demokradiyya na farko a kasar Spain bayan wasu shekaru arba'in na mulkin kama-karya. Domin da yawa, ƴan shekaru masu ban al'ajabi: mafi girma kuma mafi tsayin zamanin mulkin demokraɗiyya, 'yanci da wadata da ƙasarmu ta taɓa samu. Ga wasu, duk da haka, waɗannan zaɓen sun kasance farkon tsarin mulkin da bai yi nasara ba, magaji ga lahani da iyakoki waɗanda za su iya kai shi ga gazawa sosai a ƙarni na 21.

Tarihi zai tantance wanda ya dace:

1975. Mutuwar mai mulki. “Saƙonsa na ƙarshe” ya jagoranci ƙofar shiga duk makarantun ƙasar tsawon watanni da yawa.

1976. Bayan Kirsimeti, tare da jawabin Franco, an sanya Saƙon Farko na Sarki a cikin azuzuwan. Sautinsa ya riga ya sha bamban. Shekarar da aka bude ma.

Jerin gwano don kada kuri'a. Ranar 15 ga Yuni, 1977, jama'ar Spain sun tafi rumfunan zabe gaba ɗaya. Mutane da yawa sun kasance suna jira shekaru da yawa don samun damar yin hakan.

A ranar 6 ga Disamba, 1978, an amince da kundin tsarin mulkin da gagarumin rinjaye a kuri'ar raba gardama. Harsunan sabbin Ƙungiyoyin Masu Zaman Kansu da aka sani sun ɗauki yanayinsu.

A cikin zabukan 1979, UCD na Shugaba Adolfo Suárez ya maimaita nasarar da ta samu shekaru biyu da suka gabata. Tsohon mulkin yanzu yana bayan mu.

1980. Zaben yanki a Catalonia da Basque Country. Amincewa da dokar Andalus. Jihar masu cin gashin kansu ta fara motsawa.

1981. Canje-canjen sun kasance kwatsam kuma sun kasance masu ƙarfin hali don tsofaffin sassan Franco don daidaitawa. A ranar 23 ga Fabrairu, sun yi yunkurin juyin mulkin da bai yi nasara ba.

1982. An ƙarfafa al'umma bayan yunkurin juyin mulkin, kuma ta jefa kuri'a ga jam'iyyar Socialist, wadda ta samu mafi girma a cikin mulkin demokra] iyya.

1983. Gwamnatin gurguzu ta kwace kamfanin Rumasa daga shahararren dan kasuwa José María Ruiz Mateos.

A cikin 1984, PSOE, wanda ya zo ga gwamnati yana yin alkawarin samar da ayyukan yi 800.000, ya ga rikicin tattalin arziki ya haifar da rashin aikin yi zuwa kusan 20%, kuma adadin marasa aikin yi ya riga ya kusan 3.000.000.

A shekara ta 1985, gwamnati ta amince da dokar haramta zubar da ciki.

1986. Spain ta shiga cikin Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Turai (kuma ta amince da zama memba a NATO a cikin kuri'ar raba gardama).

A cikin 1987, ETA ta kai harin ta'addanci a babban kanti na Hipercor a Barcelona. Kisan gillar da ya fi zubar da jini, da dai sauransu da aka yi a baya da kuma bayansa.

Disamba 14, 1988. Nasarar babban yajin aikin gama-gari da manufofin tattalin arziki na gwamnatin PSOE. Rashin jituwa ya fara, González na gudun amarci tare da zamantakewa na hagu ya ƙare.

1989. Matan farko sun shiga soja, tare da juriya na farko. A yau dubbansu sun halarci ayyuka da dama a duniya.

An haifi tashoshi masu zaman kansu na farko: Antena 3, Canal + da Telecinco. Keɓaɓɓiyar tashoshi biyu na TVE ya ƙare.

A cikin 1991, Alfonso Guerra, mataimakin shugaban gwamnati, ya yi murabus saboda shari'ar "Juan Guerra". Wasu lokuta na cin hanci da rashawa sun taso, kamar Filesa. PSOE ta jure godiya ga kwarjinin Felipe González.

Wasannin Olympics na 1992 sun kasance haɗin kai cikin lumana a cikin wasu shekaru masu sarkakiya. Matashin yarima ya kasance abin yabawa ma'auni, kuma nasarorin wasanni da na kungiya sun sanya mu a wuri da aka fi so a duniya.

Ba koyaushe ake amfani da tuta don dalilai na wasanni ko na daraja ba. A cikin 1993, sababbin shari'o'in cin hanci da rashawa sun bayyana a kusa da ikon: Roldán, Paesa, Banesto, da dai sauransu, da dai sauransu. Duk da haka, PSOE ta yi nasarar lashe babban zaɓe, kuma.

Belle Epoque ya lashe Oscar don mafi kyawun fim na ƙasashen waje. A halin da ake ciki, Luis Roldán ya gudu, Solchaga da Corcuera sun yi murabus, kuma ana ta yada wasu badakalar.

An nada Javier Solana mai ra'ayin gurguzu a matsayin Sakatare Janar na NATO a cikin 1995. An ba da rahoton satar sauraren karar ba bisa ka'ida ba ta hanyar CESID.

A karshe dai, bayan shafe shekaru ana yin Allah wadai da cin hanci da rashawa na gwamnatin PSOE, jam'iyyar PP ta yi nasarar lashe babban zabe a shekarar 1996, duk da cewa ta samu kasa da tazara fiye da yadda aka zata.

ETA ta yi garkuwa da kuma kashe kansila Miguel Angel Blanco a cikin 1997. Babu wani abu daya kama da ETA tun daga lokacin.

Santander ya ƙaddamar da tayin ɗaukar nauyi ( tayin sayan jama'a) don Banesto. Wannan yana ƙarfafa lokacin saye, haɗe-haɗe da faɗaɗa ƙasashen duniya na ɓangaren banki na Spain.

A cikin 1999, Spain, bayan yin gyare-gyare mai tsauri, kuma ta bi ka'idodin da aka gindaya a Maastricht, ta zama wani ɓangare na Ƙungiyar Lamuni da za ta gabatar da kudin Euro don maye gurbin kudaden kasa.

Spain ta lashe kofin Davis a karon farko. Nasarar wasanni na ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da jin daɗin ƙasa.

2001. An gano shari'ar ERE a Andalusia

Shekara ta 2002. Jirgin ruwan dakon mai mai daraja ya fado daga gabar tekun Galici. Minista Mariano Rajoy na fuskantar bala'in muhalli. Al'umma na yin taro don rage lalacewa.

2003. Yamma sun yi gangami a kan "makamin halakar jama'a" da ake zargin Iraki da tarawa. Spain ce ke kan gaba wajen tallafawa ayyukan soji.

Daya daga cikin hare-haren masu jihadi na farko ya faru a Spain, kuma ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar kusan mutane 200. Kuskure na tafiyar da rikicin, da aka danganta shi ga ETA, da kuma tada hankalin jama'a da ya biyo bayan kwanaki uku bayan zaben, ya haifar da shan kaye a zaben jam'iyyar Popular Party da kuma nasarar PSOE ta Zapatero.

Zapatero ya halatta auren luwadi a 2005. Majalisa ta ƙi "Shirin Ibarretxe" na Basque Lehendakari.

Gyaran Dokar Kataloniya a cikin 2006, a ƙarshe Kotun Tsarin Mulki ta ayyana wani ɓangare na rashin bin tsarin mulki a cikin 2010, yana haifar da ɗabi'a mai ƙarfi na zamantakewa.

A cikin 2007, Shugaba Zapatero ya inganta Dokar Dogara, wanda a ƙarshe bai cimma dukkan manufofinta ba saboda rashin kuɗi.

Mummunan rikicin kudi ya barke a Amurka da wasu wurare, wadanda shugaba Zapatero bai sani ba.

2009. Rikicin ya kai Spain da dukan tsangwama. Ana ƙoƙarin girgiza da matakan ƙarfafawa amma ba sa aiki. Rashin galloping.

2010. Zapatero ya tilasta yin manyan yankewa a cikin kishiyar matakan da suka gabata. Shari'ar Noos ta barke.

Shekarar 2011. A kan hanyar zuwa 5.000.000 marasa aikin yi, fushin zamantakewa ya cika. An haifi motsi na 15-M. Jam'iyyar Popular Party ce ta lashe zaben gama gari.

Gwamnatin PP ta ci gaba da kuma jaddada manufofin yankewa. An amince da sake fasalin aiki. Akwai martani mai karfi na zamantakewa. Yajin aikin gama-gari a ranar 20 ga Maris, 2012.

2013. Tattalin Arziki ba ya amsa. An kai marasa aikin yi miliyan shida. Gwamnatin Popular Party tana da wasu lamuran cin hanci da rashawa. Shari'ar Bárcenas, tabbataccen zato na ba da kuɗaɗen jam'iyyar ba bisa ka'ida ba.

An soki lamirin sa na kashin kansa da badakalar danginsa, Sarki Juan Carlos I, jigon juyin mulki, ya yi watsi da shi. Ɗansa Felipe VI ya fara aiki. Podemos ya bayyana da mamaki a zabukan Turai: 15-M ya riga ya sami damar siyasa. Ƙarin shari'o'in cin hanci da rashawa (Púnica) sun shafi PP.

2015. Cin hanci da rashawa ya kewaye PP da kuma bata sunan PSOE. Podemos da Ciudadanos sun kawo karshen tsarin jam'iyyu biyu na gargajiya a zabukan 20-D.

2016. Shekarar katange hukumomi da rashin iya samar da rinjaye. An kawo karshen zabe na biyu inda jam'iyyar PP ta samu matsayi duk da badakalar da ta ke yi, inda ta bayyana kanta a matsayin mai goyon bayan kwanciyar hankali da farfado da tattalin arziki.

2017. PSOE na neman wurin sa. Jam'iyyar Popular Party tana ƙoƙarin shawo kan manyan badakalar ta. Kalubalen yunkurin 'yancin kai na Kataloniya ya kai iyakarsa. Yawancin rashin tabbas game da alkiblar da Spain za ta ƙare.