17A - 128 makore eChibvumirano cheShimonoseki

Hondo yeSino-Japanese ye1894-1895 yaiva hondo yehondo iyo yakaisa China neJapan kune imwe neimwe mukurwisana kwekutonga kweKorea Peninsula neTaiwan. Kurwisana uku kwakave nemigumisiro inokosha yezvematongerwe enyika nehupfumi kumarudzi ose maviri, pamwe chete nenharaunda yeAsia yose.

Midzi yehondo yaive mukukura kweJapan pesvedzero muAsia uye chishuwo chayo chekuwedzera nharaunda yayo nezviwanikwa. China, kune rumwe rutivi, yakaneteswa nehuwori uye kusagadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika, zvichiita kuti ive panjodzi yezvishuvo zveJapan zvekuwedzera.

Kurwisana kwakatanga muna July 1894, apo Japan yakavhozhokera Korea nokuda kwokupondwa kwavafundisi vaviri vechiJapan. China, iyo yaiona Korea sedziviriro yayo, yakatumira mauto kunodzivirira nharaunda, izvo zvakakonzera kuvhura hondo pakati penyika mbiri idzi.

Kurwisana kwemauto kwaive kwenguva pfupi asi kwakanyanya, uye kwakaratidzwa nehondo dzakatevedzana dzakasimba dzaisanganisira Hondo yePyongyang uye Hondo yeRwizi rweYalu. Japan yakaratidza kuva mhandu yakaoma, nekuda kwemauto ayo emazuva ano uye zvombo, nepo China yakatambura nekushaikwa kwekuvandudzwa kwemauto ayo ane zvombo.

Mhedzisiro yehondo yaive a kukunda kweJapan, iyo yakamanikidza China kusaina Chibvumirano cheShimonoseki musi waApril 17, 1895.. Chibvumirano ichi chakaisa mamiriro ezvinhu anonyadzisa kuChina, kusanganisira:

1. China yaifanira kuziva rusununguko rweKorea uye kusiya Taiwan, Pescadores Islands uye Liaodong Peninsula kuJapan.
2. China yaifanira kubhadhara muripo wehondo ye200 miriyoni esirivha taels kuJapan.
3. China yaifanira kuvhura zviteshi zvekutengesa zvinoverengeka kune zvido zveJapan, zvinosanganisira Shashi, Chongqing, Suzhou neHangzhou.
4. China yaifanira kubvumidza vagari vekuJapan kugara uye kutengeserana mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeChina.
5. Nzira dzekuchinjana kwevasungwa uye kudzoserwa kwevanhuwo zvavo kumusha dzakatangwa.

Chibvumirano cheShimonoseki chaive nemhedzisiro yakakosha mune zvematongerwo enyika nehupfumi hweAsia, uye chakaratidza kutanga kwenguva yekutonga kweJapan mudunhu. Izvo zvakare zvakakonzera kukwira kwechiChinese nyika uye kuda kwenyika kuvandudza, zvakazotungamira kuXinhai Revolution ye1911 uye kudonha kwedzinza reQing.