Zuva reBumbiro reMitemo, kurangarira kwechinyakare nezuva rekupera?

Nhasi, Zvita 6, kuSpain tinopemberera kunyorwa kweMagna Carta yedu, Bumbiro reSpain, chinyorwa icho kwemakore akati chave chichibvunzwa nekuda kwekuwedzera kuri kuda kuigadzirisa kuti ivandudze mitemo yebumbiro kusvika kunguva itsva idzo nyika yedu. upenyu.

Kubva kuelectomanía tinokurudzira gakava pamusoro pehuchokwadi hwechinyakare uye nhaurirano pamusoro peshanduko dzaunoona sedzinodiwa kuti ienderere mberi ichishanda zvinoenderana nemamiriro edu ezvinhu.

Heino pfupiso yeBumbiro remutemo nerubatsiro rwewebhusaiti laconstitucion.org:

MUTUNGAMIRIRO WEPASPANI

Ndiwo mutemo unokosha unokunda mimwe mitemo, kubva pairi mimwe mitemo inofanirwa kugadzirwa uye vagari nemasimba eruzhinji vari pasi pawo.

Bumbiro reSpanish rinoumbwa ne1 yekutanga zita, gumi mamwe mazita ayo akazara anoumba 10 zvinyorwa.

Bumbiro reSpain rakatanga muna 1978, iro rakatenderwa nereferendamu muna Zvita 29 uye rakaburitswa muBOE muna Zvita XNUMX.

Preliminary title

Musoro uyu une zvinyorwa zve9, zvinotsigira misimboti mikuru iyo nyika yakavakirwa pairi, semuenzaniso:

· Spain inyika yemagariro uye yedemocracy yemutemo

· Kuzvitonga kunogara muvanhu

Mutauro wepamutemo

Guta guru renyika ndiro guta reMadrid

Title I Yekodzero nemabasa akakosha

Iine zvinyorwa makumi mana nematanhatu, izvo zvinonyora kodzero dzese dzakakosha uye rusununguko rwevaSpanish vese.

Zita II. wekorona

Inoti Mutungamiriri weNyika ndiMambo wekugara nhaka, anotonga asi asingatongi sezvo asina simba rekutonga.

Mambo haaparadzwi uye haaitirwe mabasa

Kutevedzana kwekorona kunozotevera kurongeka kwekutanga kweprimogeniture uye kumiririra zvichienderana neanotevera maitiro

• Varume vane zvavanoda pane vakadzi
• Mune zvepabonde, nheyo yezera guru ichashandiswa
• Vana nevazukuru vemushakabvu mugari wenhaka ndivo vachagara nhaka yekorona pachinzvimbo chevana vamambo vasara.

Musoro III wematare makuru

Simba remutemo rinobatwa neCortes Generales, inova Congress neSeneti.

Kongiresi inoumbwa nevatevedzeri mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu, vanosarudzwa makore mana ega ega nesarudzo yepasirese.

Huwandu hwakakwana ihafu pamwe nehwerengedzo yevatevedzeri.

Ruzhinji rwehama: ihafu pamwe nemumwe wevakapinda.

Musoro IV. Zvehurumende uye manejimendi

Kugadzwa kwemutungamiri wehurumende kuburikidza nemafambisirwo emari

Mushure mekuvandudzwa kwekongiresi yevatevedzeri, mambo anoronga kuCongress munhu achamirira chigaro chemutungamiri wehurumende, nekutanga kubvunzana kwemapoka ezvematongerwo enyika nevamiriri veparamende.

Kuti mumiriri agamuchirwe naMambo, mutungamiri wehurumende, anofanirwa kuve neruzhinji rwakakwana muCongress.Kana mumiriri akasasvika pahuwandu hwakakwana, mushure memaawa makumi mana nemasere, vhoti yechipiri ichaitwa, kunofanirwa kuwana hama. vazhinji. Kana 48 mwedzi yapfuura kubva pavhoti yekutanga, pasina mhinduro, sarudzo nyowani dzichadaidzwa.

Title V Yehukama pakati pehurumende nematare makuru

Musoro VI. Zvesimba rekutonga.

Dare reConstitutional Court

Dare repamusorosoro

Vateereri venyika

Matare epamusoro eruramisiro yenharaunda dzinozvitonga

Provincial hearings

Matare anonetsana-anotonga, matare emagariro evanhu, matare anoona nezvemajeri, uye matare evana.

Matare ekutanga uye kuongorora

Dare ramejasitiriti

SUPREME COURT

Ndiro dare repamusoro-soro mumapoka ose, kunze kwebumbiro remitemo. Iyo ine masimba muHurumende yese, uye ine makamuri anotevera. 1st Civil, 2nd Criminal, 3rd Litigative-Administrative, 4th Social, 5th Military.

VANHU VOSE

Iyo ine muzinda wayo muMadrid, uye hutongi muSpain yese. Inoumbwa nematare edzimhosva, matare eConstituous-Administrative Courts, neSocial Courts, pamwe neCriminal Courts uye Investigative Courts.

MATAMBO AKURU OKURURAMA.

Bato repamusoro-soro rekutonga kweAutonomous Communities, rine masimba pamusoro penzvimbo inozvitonga. Makamuri akafanana neDare Repamusorosoro.

PROVINCIAL COURT

Iine dzimbahwe rayo muguta guru redunhu rega rega, kubva kwarinotora zita raro uye rinowedzera hutongi hwayo.

Saizvozvowo, mudunhu rega rega kuchange kuine rimwe kana anopfuura Anokakavara-Matare ekutonga, Matare eSocial Courts, Penitentiary Surveillance Courts, uye Juvenile Courts.

Matare EKUTANGA MUFANANIDZO UYE MURAIRO

Inoita basa rayo munharaunda ine musoro wedare redzimhosva.

CARE YAMAGETI

Iripo mumasisita yega yega pasina dare rekutanga nekuferefeta, vatongi havasi nyanzvi uye vanosarudzwa nePeno yemunisiparati kwenguva yemakore mana.

Title VII Economy uye mari

Simba rekutanga uye rekuda mitero rinogadzwa, maererano nebumbiro remutemo nemitemo.

Senate

Seneti inogovana mabasa emutemo neCongress, asi inogona kuramba zvigadziriso zvinounzwa neSeneti.

Iye ndiye anotendera kana kuramba matanho akataurwa nehurumende.

Seneti inoumbwa nemaseneta mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu nevanomwe vakasarudzwa kwemakore mana.

ZVINYORWA ZOMTEMO

Seti yemitemo yakanyorwa kana isina kunyorwa inodzora hukama hwevanhu inosungirwa, kana zvisina kudaro inogona kusimbiswa nechisimba.

Nzvimbo dzekodzero dzinoti:

• Mitemo
• Tsika
• Mitemo yose yemutemo

MITEMO

International deals: Zvibvumirano zvinoitwa neSpain nedzimwe nyika kana masangano, Zvinotenderwa neOrganic Law

Organic Law: Ndiyo mitemo inoda ruzhinji rwakakwana kuti iite.Nyaya dzavanotonga dzakaiswa mubumbiro remitemo.

Mutemo wakajairwa: Huzhinji hunodiwa hunodiwa, havambodzore nyaya dzeorganic law, imwe yapfuura inobvisa yekutanga

Mitemo yemutemo:

• Magwaro akanyorwa: Anotenderwa nematare edzimhosva kuburikidza neinonzi mitemo yekutanga, anoisa mirau inogadzirwa nehurumende, asi pasina kutsauka kubva pamitemo yemitemo iyoyo. Ichi chinyorwa chine chimiro chemutemo wakajairika kana wabvumidzwa
• Magwaro akabatanidzwa: Kana hurumende ikaunganidza mitemo inoronga zvinhu zvakafanana nenzira imwe chete.

Decree-laws: Mitemo isingade kubvumwa nedare reSeneti

• Izvo zvakagadzirwa nehurumende kunze kwekudikanwa kwakanyanya
• Inogona kugadzirwa chete kuti ienderane nayo kwemazuva makumi matatu, uye gare gare kuishandura kuita mitemo yakajairwa, zvikasadaro inobviswa.
• Havabate nyaya dzeorganic law

Regulations: Mitemo yenzvimbo yakaderera pane yemutemo, chinangwa chavo ndechekugadzira zviri mumitemo

• Zvitemo zvehumambo zvedare remakurukota
• Mirairo yemakomisheni enhume
• Mirairo yevashumiri

Tsika

Kudzokororwa tsika yemaitiro

Mitemo yose yemutemo

Vanoshanda kuita mashandisirwo akakodzera uye dudziro yemitemo. Kune 4

• Pro-operator musimboti: Kana matare aine kusava nechokwadi nezvekushandiswa kwemitemo miviri kana kupfuura, inogara ichishandiswa.
• Yakanyanya kunaka nheyo yemitemo: Zvakafanana neyakapfuura asi chero munhu ane kupokana
• Minimum standard musimboti: mwero wakaderera-chinzvimbo haungambo kuvadza mamiriro echinzvimbo chepamusoro.
• Nheyo yekusabviswa kwekodzero: vagari vemo havagone kuramba kodzero dzavanadzo.