Malvinas 1982 - 74 mazuva ekuda nyika uye kurwira

Musi waApril 2, 1982, Argentina yakatanga hondo yekudzorera Malvinas, South Georgia neSouth Sandwich Islands., ndima dziri kuSouth Atlantic uye dzakanga dzichitongwa neGreat Britain kubvira muna 1833. Panguva iyoyo, nyika yacho yaitongwa noudzvanyiriri hwemauto hwaitungamirirwa naLeopoldo Galtieri, akashandisa kurwisana uku kuedza kubatanidza nyika uye kutsausa nyika. kutarisa kumatambudziko emukati.

Nhoroondo yehondo inodzokera shure pakuvamba kwezana ramakore rechi 19, apo Argentina (yainzi panguva iyoyo United Provinces yeRío de la Plata) neGreat Britain dzakapokana uchangamire. zvezvitsuwa. Muna 1820, mumwe mugari wemuArgentina anonzi Luis Vernet akatanga koloni muFalklands, asi muna 1833 mauto eBritain akadzinga vapambi ava ndokugadza hurumende yavo pazvitsuwa.

Kubva ipapo, Argentina yakatora hutongi pamusoro pezvitsuwa uye yakaedza kakawanda kuita chibvumirano neGreat Britain. Nekudaro, maBritish aramba zvese zvikumbiro uye vakaramba varipo vemauto munzvimbo iyi.

Muna 1982, mamiriro ezvematongerwe enyika muArgentina akanga asina kunaka. Hutongi hwehudzvanyiriri hwemauto hwakatanga kutonga muna 1976 hwakanga hwaparira kutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu kwakawanda uye hupfumi hwenyika hwainge husina kumira zvakanaka. Galtieri aitsvaga nzira yekubatanidza nyika kuseri kwehurumende yake uye akasarudza kushandisa nyaya yeFalklands kuti aite izvi.

Musi waApril 2, 1982, mauto eArgentina akasvika muFalklands ndokutora zvitsuwa. Oparesheni iyi yakaitwa zvinobudirira uye yakagamuchira rutsigiro rwechikamu chikuru chevagari veArgentina, avo vakapemberera kudzoreredzwa kwezvavanoti inharaunda yenyika.

Zvisinei, Britain yakapindura zvakasimba ndokutumira zvikepe zvemauto kuSouth Atlantic. kudzorera zviwi. Hondo pakati penyika mbiri idzi yakatora mazuva makumi manomwe nemana uye yakakonzera kufa kwe74 maArgentina ne649 maBritish. Pakupedzisira, mauto eBritish akakwanisa kutorazve kutonga kweFalklands neArgentina yakamanikidzwa kuzvipira.

Hondo pamusoro peFalklands yakakanganisa zvikuru nzanga yeArgentina. Kune rumwe rutivi, zvakaparira rudo rukuru rwenyika uye rudado rwenyika, asi kune rumwe rutivi, zvakaratidza zvikanganiso nouori hwehurumende yemauto. Kukundwa muhondo kwakaratidza kupera kwehudzvanyiriri uye kutanga kweshanduko yegutsaruzhinji yakazoita kuti Raúl Alfonsín asarudzwe semutungamiri wenyika muna 1983.

Pasinei nekukundwa, Argentina inoenderera mberi ichiti uchangamire pamusoro peFalklands uye inoramba yakasimba munhaurirano neGreat Britain. Kusawirirana uku kwakonzera kusawirirana kwevamiriri venyika pakati penyika mbiri uye yanga iri nyaya yekukurukurirana munharaunda yepasirese. Kubvumbi 2 inoyeukwa muArgentina seZuva reMurwi uye reVakadonha muHondo yeMalvinas, mukukudza varwi vakarwa muhondo uye avo vakarasikirwa nehupenyu muhondo.

Hondo yeFalklands yaivewo ne kukanganisa mune zvematongerwo enyika. Great Britain yakagamuchira rutsigiro kubva kuUnited States muhondo, nepo nyika zhinji dzeLatin America dzakatsigira Argentina. Zvakadaro, hondo yakaunzawo gakava pamusoro pekuve pamutemo kwekolonialism uye kukosha kwekuremekedza hutongi hwenyika.

Kubva ipapo, gakava pamusoro peFalklands rave riri nyaya inodzokororwa mune zvematongerwo enyika yeArgentina. Hurumende dzakasiana-siana dzakachengeta chimiro chakasimba pamusoro pokutaura kwouchangamire pazvitsuwa, kunyange zvazvo vakashandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana kuti vabudirire. Muna 2012, Mutungamiri Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner vakaendesa chikumbiro kuUnited Nations uye vakawana rutsigiro rwenyika zhinji dziri nhengo.

Great Britain, kune chikamu chayo, yakaramba zvese zvikumbiro zveArgentina uye yakaramba iripo muchiuto. muFalklands. Mumakore achangopfuura, hurumende yeBritain yakaisa mari mukugadzirisa zvivakwa pazvitsuwa uye yakawedzera kuvepo kwemauto munzvimbo iyi.

Kupokana pamusoro peMalvinas kunoramba kuri nyaya yakaoma kune veArgentina uye kwaunza gakava mune zvematongerwo enyika mukati menyika. Mumakore achangopfuura, pave nekukakavadzana pamusoro pekugona kusvika pakubvumirana neGreat Britain uye kusimbisa hukama hwekubatana mukushandiswa kwezviwanikwa munzvimbo.

Zvisinei, Chinzvimbo chepamutemo chehurumende yeArgentina chinoramba chiri chekuzviti uchangamire pamusoro peFalklands uye kumanikidza Great Britain kuti ibve munzvimbo iyi. Hondo yeFalklands yakaratidza nguva yakakosha munhoroondo yeArgentina uye yakaunza gakava pamusoro pekuzivikanwa kwenyika uye kukosha kwehutongi hwenzvimbo. Kunyange zvazvo makore anopfuura makumi mana apfuura kubva pachiitiko ichocho, gakava pamusoro peMalvinas rinoramba riri nyaya yakamirira mune zvematongerwo enyika enyika.

Mhedzisiro muUnited Kingdom

Hondo yeFalklands Yakavewo nemigumisiro yakakomba pane zvematongerwo enyika zveBritain. Ipapo-Mutungamiriri wehurumende Margaret Thatcher, vachitungamira Bato reConservative, vakakunda zvine mutsindo musarudzo dzemuna 1983, zvikuru nekuda kwesarudzo yavo yekutumira mauto kuti vatorezve Falklands.

Thatcher, aive mukadzi wekutanga kushanda seMutungamiriri weBritain, Akanga asingachinjiki pamusoro pehutongi hweBritain pamusoro peFalklands. Kwaari, kuvapo kwemauto pazvitsuwa yaiva nyaya yekuchengeteka kwenyika uye kuchengetedza kodzero dzevagari veBritain vaigara ikoko. Uyezve, akafunga kuti kudzoreredzwa kwevaMalvina kwaive chiito chekudzivirira zviri pamutemo kurwisa kurwisa kweArgentina.

Chinzvimbo chaThatcher chakatsigirwa neruzhinji rwevanhu vekuBritain, avo vakaratidza kubatana nemasoja akarwa muhondo. Mufananidzo we Iyo "Iron Lady" yakava chiratidzo chekutsunga uye kushinga kwevanhu veBritain mukutarisana nenhamo.

Kunyangwe Hondo yeFalklands yaive nemutengo wakakosha wehupfumi uye hwevanhu kuGreat Britain, Thatcher akakunda kukunda kwakakosha kwezvematongerwo enyika nekuratidza kugona kwake kutungamira nyika munguva dzekutambudzika. Kudzorerwa kweFalklands kwakabatsirawo kusimbisa basa reBritain sesimba repasi rose uye kusimbisa hukama pakati peUnited Kingdom neUnited States.

Kune maBritish, Hondo yeFalklands chikamu chakakosha munhoroondo yavo yazvino, iyo inoramba ichiyeukwa nokudada uye nepfungwa yokuzivikanwa kwenyika. Kuvapo kwemauto pazvitsuwa kwakachengetedzwa kubva ipapo, uye Britain inoramba ichidzivirira hutongi hwayo pamusoro peFalklands uye kuzvipira kwayo kuchengetedza kodzero dzevagari vayo munharaunda.

Mumaawa makumi maviri nemana apfuura muelectomania…

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