NgoAprili 26, 1986, ugqabhuko-dubulo kwindawo yesi-4 yeziko lenyukliya yaseChernobyl, eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union ngelo xesha, kwakhokelela kweyona ntlekele inkulu kwimbali.. Ugqabhuko-dubulo nomlilo owenzekileyo wakhupha izixa ezikhulu zezinto ezinemitha yokusasazeka emoyeni, ezichaphazela impilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo.
Ugqabhuko-dubulo
Ukudubula kwe-reactor inombolo yesi-4 eChernobyl Yenzekile ngexesha lovavanyo lokhuseleko. Amagcisa omzi-mveliso ayezama ukulinganisa ukusilela kombane ukuze abone ukuba i-reactor izakuziphatha njani. Nangona kunjalo, Umthwalo ogqithisileyo wenzeke kwi-core reactor, eyakhokelela ekuqhumeni kunye nomlilo eyathatha iintsuku eziliqela. Olu gqabhuko-dubulo lwakhupha izixa ezikhulu zemitha yeathom kwiatmosfera, eyasasazeka ngokukhawuleza kulo lonke elaseYurophu.
Abacimi-mlilo abeze kucima lo mlilo bebengayazi ingozi ababechaneke kuyo kwaye uninzi lwabo luye lwatshiswa ngokumandundu kunye nezigulo ezinxulumene nemitha.
Abasebenzi bemizi-mveliso yamandla enyukliya kunye Kwathabatha iiyure eziliqela ukuba abasemagunyeni baseSoviet babuqonde ubunzulu bale ngozi. Nangona izilumkiso zazikhutshiwe kwaye amanqanaba aphezulu okusasazeka kwemitha afunyenwe kwindawo, abasemagunyeni bazama ukunciphisa ubunzulu bemeko kwaye bathintele ukothuka ukuba kunganwenwa. Kwakuyimfuneko ukuba i-plane ye-reconnaissance yaseSweden ibone ifu ye-radioactive kwaye ilumkise abaphathi baseYurophu ukuze kuthathwe amanyathelo angxamisekileyo kwaye abantu baphume kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo.
Ukudubula kwe-reactor yaseChernobyl yayisisiganeko eso yabonisa ubuthathaka benkqubo yeSoviet kunye nokungabikho elubala. Ukunqongophala kolwazi kunye nokulibaziseka ekuqondeni ubuzaza bengozi kwandisa imiphumo kwaye kubeka engozini impilo yabantu abaninzi.
Iziphumo
Intlekele yaseChernobyl yaba nemiphumo emibi yempilo zabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo. Kuqikelelwa ukuba Bamalunga nama-4.000 XNUMX abantu ababhubhileyo ngenxa yale ngozi, nangona amanani kunzima ukuwachaza. Ukongeza, abantu abaninzi benzakala kwaye bagula ngenxa yemitha. Iziphumo zale ntlekele zikwachaphazele izilwanyana kunye nezityalo zale ndawo, ezithe zafumana uguquko lwemfuzo kunye nomonakalo ongenakulungiseka kwindawo yazo yendalo.
Impembelelo eYurophu
Ilifu le-radioactive elaveliswa emva kokudubula kwe-reactor yaseChernobyl lasasazeka ngokukhawuleza kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Awona mazwe achaphazeleka kakhulu yiUkraine, Belarus kunye neRussia, kodwa amanqanaba aphezulu okusasazeka kwemitha nawo abonwa nakwamanye amazwe, njengePoland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Austria, Germany and even in the United Kingdom.
Nangona amanqanaba okusasazeka kwemitha afunyenwe eYurophu ayengekho phezulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba enze umonakalo omkhulu kwimpilo yabantu, ayenjalo kwakukho iziphumo zexesha elide kokusingqongileyo kunye noqoqosho lwamazwe achaphazelekayo. Imimandla emininzi yasemaphandleni yashiywa yaye ezolimo nemfuyo zachaphazeleka ngokunzulu. Ukongezelela, ukhenketho kulo mmandla nalo lwachaphazeleka, njengoko abahambi abaninzi babekuphepha ukutyelela amazwe achaphazelekayo ngenxa yokoyika ukusasazeka kwemitha.
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