ISpain 2016: Phakathi kwenzondo nokwesaba

Labo manje abaneminyaka engamashumi amane noma engamashumi amahlanu ubudala bazalwa lapho umashiqela esesalelwe iminyaka embalwa ukuba aphile, futhi basakhula phakathi kwenzondo. Abazali bakhe babesaba izipoki zesikhathi esidlule, futhi bezonda ukuzivikela. Ukwenza ezombangazwe-ke kwakuhlanganisa ukukhuluma ngokucasuka mayelana nesikhathi esedlule: impi, abantu ababi, abahle ... Eminyakeni yamashumi ayisikhombisa akubona bonke ababezonda into efanayo, ngoba ngamunye wayenezipoki ezihlukene, kodwa inzondo yayisejwayelekile. Udaba oludala lwalaba ababili baseSpain beludla lubi kuleli.

Kodwa kwavela ukuthi abazali balezo zingane, ngubani Babengabantwana benzondo ngoba bazalwa ngesikhathi kunempi yombango, yibona ababeyiqeda. Bakha izwe elingcono labantwana babo, ababeyizingane ngaleso sikhathi, lapho esikhundleni sokulahla elinye, bafunda ukucabanga ukuthi, okungcono kakhulu, isitha sasinephutha. Bafundisa izingane zabo ukuthethelela nokubekezelela ukungezwani. Kwakunzima kakhulu kubazali bangaleso sikhathi ukudlulisela lezo zindinganiso, ngoba zazigxiliswe eziphambene. Leso sizukulwane, manje esineminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa, amashumi ayisishiyagalombili, amashumi ayisishiyagalolunye ubudala, sifanele ukuhlonishwa kakhulu. Izingane zabo zaba abantu abadala ezweni lapho abazali besaba futhi bekhule phakathi kwephupho elibi, kodwa babebacindezela ukuba baphile ngokuzethemba futhi ngokuthula bazakhele ikusasa elingcono.

Nezingane zabo zazibalalela. Bakhulela ezweni elaliqhubekela phambili ngokusobala: elivuleke kakhulu, liya ngokuya lingenasisekelo futhi lingcono kakhulu ukuhlala kulo. Inzondo nokwesaba kwakuvaliwe, kuvalelwe ezindaweni ezilula ukuziphatha: imidwebo emine engenziwanga kahle, izindonga noma izitezi zoniwe ngemilayezo ethukuthele engazange icatshangwe muntu. Yilokho kuphela okwasala empini:

Iminyaka yadlula, i-graffiti yaba yindlala, futhi ngokuzumayo, izingane zeminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa zaqaphela ukuthi zingabantu abadala: eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu nanye ngemva kokuqala uhambo lwabo, zinezwe elihle ezandleni zabo, nesikhathi sokuthatha izintambo.

Kwakuyi-2006.

Eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva, manje, izintambo zisabalindile, noma kunalokho sezidlule kuzo. Bafa abazali babo, labo abaphuma enzondweni, bona okumele ngabe balicosha ithoshi, babona ukuthi umengameli obukeka njengekhehla usenezinyanga ethi cha. Khonamanjalo, izingane zabo eziningi zivele zabhodloka zathi cha, ngezindololwane. Umkhathi uphinde wagcwala ukucasuka.

Nakhu, futhi, siboshwe phakathi kwenzondo nokwesaba, samukela hhayi kwesokudla nakwesobunxele,  ama-negative ahluke ngokuphelele kodwa ekusebenzeni awahlukaniseki. Ekugcineni siphila futhi phakathi kwezipoki. Labo abavela eminyakeni engamashumi amahlanu edlule babebizwa ngokuthi "impi", "ubukhomanisi", "i-fascism", "ukuziphatha okubi", "ETA". Lawa manje abizwa ngokuthi "ukungasebenzi", "ukusika", "IBEX", "Venezuela", "pigtails".

Kwenzekani kithi? Kwenzekeni ngezwe lakithi, ngokuhlalisana okuphusile okwakhiwe ngabadala bethu?

Okwenzekile kube inhlekelele yezomnotho enonya ebesingakazilungiseleli yona: lapho sibhekene khona, kunalokho, besikade sehlisa izikhali. Inhlekelele okwakumelwe ifike, kodwa esasingenawo umuzwa wokuyibona kusengaphambili. Futhi lapho efika wasithola siphila ngamagwebu aqhuma kungazelelwe, asishiya emoyeni, amamitha ayikhulu ukuphakama futhi singenawo amapharashuthi. Ngesikhashana nje, izigidi zezakhamizi zaphonswa phansi, ngesikhathi esisodwa: osizini, ubumpofu, ukufuduka. Izigidi zembewu zaphonswa ukuze zizale esinye isizukulwane senzondo.

Sesinaso leso sizukulwane esisha senzondo lapha. Yibo labo manje, abafaka ukwesaba emizimbeni yabadala bethu.

Kunengqondo ukuthi intsha iphenduke ngale ndlela: inazo zonke izizathu zokucasuka. Leli shumi leminyaka eliqalekisiweyo esidlule kulo lisenze sakhululeka sonke. Futhi basengozini kakhulu. Ababona umthwalo wemfanelo kodwa bayizisulu, futhi, okungenani, banesibindi sokuvukela.

Sonke sinecala lokuqhekeka komphakathi esizifake kukho. Ohulumeni abazange babone kusengaphambili: babeneliswe izibalo ezinikeza idatha enhle kakhulu ye-GDP kodwa izibalo zokuntuleka kwemisebenzi ezimaphakathi. Bazisula ngo-2000, ngo-2004, ngisho nango-2008, ukuze babe nezwe eliyisimangaliso kodwa libe nenani labantu abangasebenzi eliphindwe kathathu kunelethu. Lokho kungqubuzana okusobala bekufanele ngabe kwanele ukubenza baqonde ukuthi benza izinto eziningi ezingalungile: izwe elinabaxhasi abayizigidi eziyishumi nanhlanu alikwazi ukuhlala phakathi kwebhamuza lengcebo futhi ligcine izigidi ezimbili zingasebenzi. Kodwa kuleyo minyaka ohulumeni noma izakhamuzi zazingafuni ukukubona. Akekho owayefuna ukuthola ukuthi uma ezinye izinto zingahlangani ngesikhathi yonke into ihamba kahle, lokho kusho ukuthi bazogcina bebheda kakhulu uma izinto sezibheda kancane.

Lapho i-2007 ne-2008 ifinyelela okungenakugwemeka, ukuwa. Futhi ngo-2009 nango-2010, iqiniso elibuhlungu lavuselela inzondo yethu, eyayicashile kodwa ingashabalali. Njengoba sibhekene nedamu esasiwela kulo, sonke sabheka abanecala ukuze basikhulule.. Ungumuntu. Sabheka emuva eSpain yakudala yamaSpain amabili: sabuyela ekuzondeni nasekusoleni abanye.

Sabuyela ekusoleni abanye, nokubazonda

ECatalonia bathola umenzi wecala, ogama lakhe kwakunguSpain, futhi abanye babemzonda. Uphiko olungakwesokudla lwathola umenzi wecala, ogama lakhe kwakunguJosé Luis, bamzonda. Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva bayaqhubeka bephila ngemali engenayo yaleyo nzondo, baguqulwa baba ukwesaba. Manje sebembiza ngokuthi “uPawulu,” futhi uphendula ukwesaba kwabadala kube izifungo. Abanxele nabo bathole isigebengu sabo nezinyanga zakhe. Bababiza ukusikeka, capitalism, neoliberalism, banking, IBEX,… kuze kufinyezwe ngegama elilodwa: Rajoy. Futhi lapho bayaqhubeka, beqinisa inzondo yabo futhi befuna izinto ezintsha izakhamizi labo okufanele bazonde uma uMariano engasekho. Okuzoba maduze.

Kodwa ngaphambi kwalokho, ngo-2011, ukushuba kwesimo kwakungabekezeleleki, futhi imigwaqo yayigcwele abantu abathukuthele. Ngenhlanhla, le ntukuthelo ithole iziteshi futhi yagcina ingene kuKhongolose ngo-2015. Kulokhu senze izinto kangcono, kufanele sikuvume. Intukuthelo ebiqulekile ayikaze iqhume ePhalamende, njengoba bekwenzeka kudala, ihambisana nendluzula, iphethe isigqoko se-tricorn kanye nesibhamu, kodwa nama-dreadlocks, ukuqabula abangani kanye nezingane ezincelisayo. Ungene ngokusemthethweni nangawo wonke amalungelo, ngaphandle kokwenza ububi bokuphoqa iminyango.

Nokho, kwenzeka ukuthi ukuba semthethweni kuyadingeka kodwa akwanele. Kule Spain yeminyaka 2010, Sesiyekile ukubona umuntu ongalungile kumakhelwane wethu. Siphinde futhi simemezele lokho amaSpanishi ayehlala ememeza: ukuthi umakhelwane ungumfana okufanele azondwe futhi adelelwe. Inzondo igcwele yonke into, ngesitayela esinonya kakhulu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingakanani imidiya engakhulumeki kokhokho bethu esetshenziswa manje: Twitter, Facebook, izinkundla, WhatsApp. Inzondo endala igqoke izingubo ezintsha ukuze kwakhiwe isizukulwane esithukuthele, esingenathemba esidinga ukuhlonza ubuso balabo abanecala. Kodwa kulabo abanolwazi oluthile, konke lokhu akukukhohlisi: lokhu akulona ushintsho, lokhu kuyafana njalo. Lezi zingane namuhla zingogogo nomkhulu bethu abazalwa kabusha: ubuso obufanayo, intukuthelo efanayo, intukuthelo efanayo eyimpumputhe.

Iminyaka emingaki abantu abasha: izacile futhi iyabikezelwa!

Sebevele banendawo ePhalamende nasemphakathini. Kodwa cishe akukho lutho olushintshile eminyakeni eyikhulu: izingubo zokugqoka inzondo azikaze zibe yisisekelo sayo. Abazukulu bangabazukulu bokhokho babo.

Ngenhlanhla, akuyona yonke into enjalo. Kanye nenzondo, kunethemba nesifiso esiqotho sokuthuthuka. Kanye nokucasuka, kunesifiso sokwakha. Sikhule kakhulu futhi sizilungiselele kakhulu kunakudala. Inkinga iwukuthi, okwamanje, okubi kuminza okuhle. Yilapho esikhona. Abanye bamemezela ukuthi “Mina ngiwushintsho,” futhi bakholelwa ukuthi lesi simemezelo singokwentando yeningi. Kodwa ushintsho lungolwethu sonke noma ngeke lube njalo. Awukwazi ukushintsha ngokufulathela ingxenye ethile yomphakathi. Futhi iqiniso liwukuthi ingxenye yeSpain iyayizonda Iphathi Ethandwayo, kodwa enye ingxenye yethusa amaPodemos, ngakho bobabili abakwazi ukuhola noma yini esisebenzela sonke.

Uhhafu waseSpain uzonda Iphathi Edumile, kodwa enye ingxenye yethusa ama-Podemos, ngakho bobabili abakwazi ukuhola noma yini esisebenzela sonke.

Umsebenzi wabazali boguquko, manje ogogo nomkhulu, sebecishe bafa (abanye bafa ngempela) usuwile. Sibuyela emaSpain amabili, omunye esaba ukufa, omunye egcwele inzondo, futhi bobabili babela iqembu eliphambene indima yecala. Ngakho-ke, kwabaningi, lowo owakha amabhuloho ungumdayisi oyigwala ezimisweni zakhe, futhi lowo ozisebenzisayo uyisilwi esihlangene semibono yeqiniso kuphela.

Abanye baphuza inzondo. Okunye ukwesaba:

Kuzothatha isikhathi ukuthunga izilonda kuze kube yilapho ukungabekezelelani kuncipha futhi. Iminyaka yezinxushunxushu, ukungabi nabulungiswa, ubumpofu obunonya nokungalingani okusihaqile, izinhliziyo zethu zigcwale ngokushesha sabe sesizimba ukuze sikuveze phakathi noKhongolose. Futhi nakuba wonke umuntu ekholelwa ukuthi onecala ngomunye, Umlandu wumphakathi wonke okwathi ngeminyaka yawo-90 kanye nawo-2000 wawungazi ukuthi uzokwamukela kanjani izinguquko ezidingekayo ukuze, lapho izinto zingahambi kahle, sizilungiselele. Akukho sinyathelo sokulungisa esithathiwe. Azikho izinguquko ezijulile ezisithuthukisile ngale kwangaphandle. “Sesenza kahle impela,” kubonakala sengathi sicabanga. Masingathinti lutho, singahlukumezi muntu, masingavumeli muntu enze umbhikisho ophikisana nathi ngokuhlasela amalungelo akhe, asidedele... Akubanga yizindawo, noma ngokwezomnotho, noma ngokwenhlalo, akuzange kube yizinguquko ezaphakanyiswa yibo bonke ochwepheshe, futhi ukuthi ngabe sililungiselele ikusasa. Kwakungekho isifiso sokuvelela noma umuzwa wombuso. “Bayeke bayiqambe,” kusho ukhokho kakhokho u-Unamuno. "Vumela abanye baguqule" i-Aznar kanye ne-Zapatero yokuqala yamemezela ngaphakathi, ibophezelekile ngamabhamuza nokukhula okungelona iqiniso. Futhi njengoba bengazange benze izinguquko lapho bekwazi, kamuva uZapatero noRajoy kwadingeka bagawule ngonya, lapho kwase kwephuze kakhulu ukwenza enye into.

Ingabe siyohlala sibambekile kulesi simo, noma into yesikhashana? Asazi okwamanje. Ikusasa lethu lincike kakhulu kulokho okwenzeka phakathi kwanamuhla noJuni 26: ebukhulu noma usizi, ebugovuni noma ekuphaneni kwalabo abanqumayo egameni lethu. Kubaluleke kakhulu uma ekugcineni sikhetha uhulumeni wokuzwana noma okunye ukungqubuzana. Akufani. Ngeke kufane. Futhi uma ungekho uhulumeni, uma ekugcineni sifinyelela ku-26-J, thina zakhamuzi siyoba nezwi. Khona-ke kuyoba yisikhathi sethu. Kudingeka ukuthi sikhahlele phansi amaSpain amabili abuka esibukweni, azonde, esabe futhi adingane. Kuphela uma sikwenza ngale ndlela sizophuma kulokhu.

"I-Concord yayingenzeka“, yisiqubulo esashiywa yinkathi ka-Adolfo Suárez noSantiago Carrillo. Manje, ngemva kwaleli shumi leminyaka eliqalekisiweyo, sisaphaze yonke into futhi sabuyela ekucasukeni, sikhohlwa ukuthi ukucabanga okugcwele inzondo esikubona emehlweni omunye nomunye akusona isithombe salowo esimbukayo kodwa kunalokho ubuso bethu obunyanyekayo.

Eminyakeni engu-37 edlule, umshoshaphansi namaphakathi neVeki Elingcwele, u-Adolfo Suárez waba nesibindi sokwenza iQembu LamaKhomanisi libe semthethweni, ebhekene nawo wonke umlando wenzondo ukuze alinqobe. Manje, okwenzeka ngemuva kwezigcawu naphakathi Nesonto Elingcwele lika-2016, kuzophawula ikusasa lethu phakade. Kunezinketho ezimbili kuphela zikahulumeni: ukuvumelana noma ukukhipha. Kuphakathi kokuthi sifinyelela esivumelwaneni esibanzi phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezihlukene ezinikezelayo futhi ezisebenza ndawonye, ​​noma sikhetha ukubheka phambili okubekwa ngokumelene nesitha.

Imiphumela yokukhetha indlela eyodwa noma enye izohluka kakhulu.