Sikhumbula - iminyaka engu-37 kusukela inhlekelele yaseChernobyl

Ngo-April 26, 1986, ukuqhuma kwesikhumulo senuzi esingunombolo 4 sesikhungo samandla enuzi saseChernobyl, ngaleso sikhathi eyayiseSoviet Union, kwaholela enhlekeleleni embi kakhulu yenuzi emlandweni.. Ukuqhuma nomlilo okwenzekile kukhiphe izinto eziningi ezikhipha imisebe emkhathini, kwathinta impilo yabantu nendawo ezungezile.

Ukuqhuma

Ukuqhuma kwe-reactor number 4 eChernobyl Kwenzeke ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuphepha. Ochwepheshe besikhungo bebezama ukulingisa ukuhluleka kukagesi ukuze babone ukuthi i-reactor izoziphatha kanjani. Nokho, Kube nokugcwala ngokweqile kumongo we-reactor, okuholele ekuqhumeni nomlilo okwathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa. Lokhu kuqhuma kwakhipha izinto eziningi ezikhipha imisebe emkhathini, okwasakazeka ngokushesha kulo lonke elaseYurophu.

Abezicishamlilo abafike bazocisha umlilo bebengazi ngobungozi abachayeke kubo kanti iningi labo belisha kanzima nezifo ezihambisana nemisebe.

Abasebenzi besikhungo samandla enuzi kanye Kwathatha amahora ambalwa ukuba iziphathimandla zaseSoviet zibone ubucayi bengozi. Nakuba kwakukhishwe izexwayiso futhi kutholakale izinga eliphezulu lemisebe endaweni, iziphathimandla zazama ukunciphisa ukungathi sína kwalesi simo futhi zivimbele ukwethuka ukuba kungabhebhetheki. Kwakudingekile ukuba indiza yokuhlola yaseSweden ibone ifu elikhipha imisebe futhi yazise iziphathimandla zaseYurophu ukuze kuthathwe izinyathelo eziphuthumayo futhi abantu bakhishwe ezindaweni ezithinteke kakhulu.

Ukuqhuma kwe-reactor yaseChernobyl kwaba umcimbi ukuthi yabonisa ubuthakathaka besimiso seSoviet nokuntula kwayo obala. Ukungabi bikho kolwazi nokubambezeleka ekuboneni ukungathi sína kwengozi kwabhebhethekisa imiphumela futhi kwafaka nempilo yabantu abaningi engozini.

Imiphumela

Inhlekelele yaseChernobyl yaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu yezempilo kwabantu kanye nemvelo. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi Babalelwa ku-4.000 XNUMX abantu abashonile ngenxa yale ngozi, nakuba izibalo kunzima ukuzichaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abaningi balimala futhi baguliswa imisebe. Imiphumela yale nhlekelele iphinde yaba nomthelela ezilwaneni nasezimila endaweni, ezibe nokuguqulwa kofuzo nokulimala okungenakulungiseka endaweni yazo yemvelo.

Umthelela eYurophu

Ifu elikhipha imisebe elakhiqizwa ngemva kokuqhuma kwe-reactor yaseChernobyl lasakazeka ngokushesha kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Amazwe athinteke kakhulu kwakuyi-Ukraine, Belarus kanye neRussia, kodwa amazinga aphezulu emisebe atholwe nakwamanye amazwe, njengePoland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Austria, Germany ngisho nase-United Kingdom.

Nakuba amazinga emisebe atholakala eYurophu ayengekho phezulu ngokwanele ukuba abangele umonakalo omkhulu empilweni yabantu, ayenjalo kwaba nemiphumela yesikhathi eside kwezemvelo kanye nomnotho wamazwe athintekile. Izindawo eziningi zasemaphandleni zashiywa futhi ezolimo nemfuyo kwathinteka kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezokuvakasha kule ndawo nazo zathinteka, njengoba abahambi abaningi bekugwema ukuvakashela amazwe athintekile ngenxa yokwesaba imisebe.