I-ETA isiphelile

Meyi 4, 2018 izokhunjulwa njengosuku lokuphela kwe-ETA. Sikhiqiza kabusha lesi sihloko lapha esiyishicilele ngonyaka odlule, lapho lesi siphetho sesivele sibonakala singenakugwenywa:

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“Sekudlule cishe iminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha kusukela yasungulwa ngo-1958 kuze kube manje, okuphawule umlando waseSpain.

Kusasa, ngoMgqibelo, i-ETA izothatha esinye isinyathelo ekushiyeni kwayo indawo yesigameko, kulokhu okuzohlanganisa lokho abakubiza ngokuthi "ukunikezwa kwezikhali." Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zonke zinikelwe, noma kuyaziwa, okwamanje, lapho zonke lezo zikhali zikhona, noma ngabe leli qiniso selivele linokubaluleka okuthile, isenzo ngokwaso sisho lukhulu. Zonke izizukulwane zabantu baseSpain zakhula zizwa ngalokhu “kunikezwa kwezikhali” njengento ecatshangelwayo, cishe engenakucatshangwa, umgomo owawubonakala ungenakwenzeka.

Kodwa ikusasa selifikile, futhi akuzange kube yinto engenakwenzeka njengoba kwakubonakala. Ukufa okungaphezu kwamakhulu ayisishiyagalombili, izinkulungwane zokulimala, kanye nomphakathi okuphuka kwawo, okwabonakala kungenakwenzeka eminyakeni edlule, kusala ngemuva ngokushesha.

I-ETA yazalelwa ngaphansi kobushiqela. Indawo yokuzalanisa kwakhe kwakuwukufihlakala nokushushiswa kwemibono yakhe. Ngenxa yalokhu, uthole ukwesekwa okucacile kanye nokuba sivivi okuvamile. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, wayenesikhathi sokubulala umongameli kahulumeni, kodwa, ngaphezu kwakho konke, onogada bomphakathi, abashayeli bamatekisi, abashayeli bamabhasi noma amaphoyisa kazwelonke. Izinjongo ezilula, ezingaziwa nezikhohliwe, okungakaze kufike ukulungiswa kwazo kweqiniso.

UCarrero Blanco, owabulawa

UGregorio Posada Zurrón, omunye wamakhulu abantu abakhohliwe

Khona-ke i-ETA yakhula kuntando yeningi, futhi ayizange isebenzise ushwele owalethwa ukujoyina impilo yomphakathi futhi ivikele iziphakamiso zayo ezikhungweni. I-inertia yakhe yamholela ekubeni aqhubeke nokuzungeza, esebenzisa ithuba lokumemezela okwandayo ukuhlaselwa kwakhe okukujabulele. Ukukhululwa kwamalungu ayo amaningi ejele ngemva kukashwele wango-1977 kwasiza ukuqinisa umsebenzi wawo.

Khona-ke umphakathi wahlupheka cishe ngokuthula, phakathi neminyaka yama-80s kanye nama-90s, bonke unya lweqembu, olwadlula kuleyo minyaka phakathi nokuhlukana (okokuqala) kanye ne-radicalization (kamuva). Ukusabela komphakathi kwakungamahloni, kuyilapho ohulumeni besabela ekungakwazini ukusebenza (iningi) noma ukungabi semthethweni (ukuhlela ngokuhambisana - kanye nokuhluleka - izenzo zobuphekula ezifana nalezo ze-GAL).

Ngaleyo minyaka, i-ETA yaqhubeka ibulala, futhi ukufuna kwayo umthelela omkhulu emphakathini kwaletha izigcawu ezingalibaleki nezinzima kakhulu.

I-Hypercor. 1987.

Vic. 1991.

UMiguel Angel Blanco. 1997.

Ukubulawa kukaMiguel Ángel Blanco kumake ngaphambi nangemuva kombono wenhlangano yamaphekula. I-ETA yayenze ukuhlasela okunonya kakhulu, okunonya kakhulu nokungakhethi, kodwa unya nokungabi nazwela eyakubonisa ngekhansela elincane elithunjiwe kwavula ukwephulwa okucacile emphakathini waseBasque okokuqala ngqa. Ukulahlwa okuphansi noma okungacacile kwaphenduka, kusukela ngalolo suku kuqhubeke, ukukhala okucishe kube ngazwilinye.

Nakuba i-ETA yaqhubeka nokubulala iminyaka eminingi, ngempela kusukela ngalolo suku lwasehlobo ngo-1997 lapho inquma ukubulala uMiguel Ángel, kwakusele indlela eyodwa kuphela: ukuchithwa. Impahla yakhe enkulu, eyayihlale iyingxenye encane kodwa efanele emphakathini waseBasque, yashabalala kungazelelwe.

Konke okwenzeka ngemva kwalokho kusiholele lapha. Izimonyo, izenzo zenkulumo-ze, izinkulumo ezinhle ezenziwe ezikhathini zamuva, zinenjongo eyodwa kuphela, ukuvala iqiniso lokuthi kunezinto ezimbili kuphela ezisele okufanele zixazululwe: ukulungiswa okuyiqiniso kwezisulu, kanye nokubaleka komuntu siqu kwabambalwa. iziboshwa ezihlala emajele.

Ezizukulwaneni ezintsha konke lokhu sekuyinto yesikhathi esidlule. "Abazi ukuthi banenhlanhla kangakanani."

@josesalver