17A - 128 zaka za Pangano la Shimonoseki

Nkhondo ya Sino-Japanese ya 1894-1895 inali nkhondo yankhondo yomwe inachititsa kuti China ndi Japan zimenyana wina ndi mzake pomenyera ulamuliro wa Korea Peninsula ndi Taiwan. Mkanganowu unali ndi zotsatira zofunikira pazandale ndi zachuma ku mayiko onse awiri, komanso kumadera onse a Asia.

Mizu ya nkhondoyo inali kukulirakulira kwa Japan ku Asia ndi chikhumbo chake chokulitsa gawo lake ndi zachilengedwe. China, kumbali yake, idafooka chifukwa cha katangale ndi kusakhazikika kwandale, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti ikhale pachiwopsezo ku zilakolako za Japan zofutukula.

Mkangano unayamba mu July 1894, pamene Japan anaukira Korea chifukwa cha kuphedwa kwa amishonale aŵiri a ku Japan. China, yomwe inkawona kuti Korea ndi chitetezo chake, idatumiza asilikali kuti ateteze gawolo, zomwe zinayambitsa nkhondo pakati pa mayiko awiriwa.

Nkhondo yankhondo inali yachidule koma yowopsa, ndipo idadziwika ndi nkhondo zingapo zazikulu zomwe zidaphatikizapo Nkhondo ya Pyongyang ndi Nkhondo ya Mtsinje wa Yalu. Japan inakhala mdani wolimba, chifukwa cha asilikali ake amakono ndi zida, pamene China idavutika ndi kusowa kwamakono kwa magulu ake ankhondo.

Zotsatira za nkhondoyi zinali a chigonjetso cha Japan, chomwe chinakakamiza China kusaina Pangano la Shimonoseki pa Epulo 17, 1895.. Panganoli lidakhazikitsa zinthu zochititsa manyazi ku China, kuphatikiza:

1. China idayenera kutero kuzindikira ufulu waku Korea ndikusiya Taiwan, Pescadores Islands ndi Liaodong Peninsula ku Japan.
2. China idayenera kulipira chipukuta misozi chankhondo cha 200 miliyoni ku Japan.
3. China idayenera kutsegula madoko angapo azamalonda ku Japan, kuphatikiza Shashi, Chongqing, Suzhou ndi Hangzhou.
4. China idayenera kulola nzika zaku Japan kukhala ndikuchita malonda m'malo ena a China.
5. Njira zosinthira akaidi ndi kubweza anthu wamba kudziko lawo zinakhazikitsidwa.

Pangano la Shimonoseki linali ndi zotsatira zofunikira pazandale ndi zachuma ku Asia, ndipo lidawonetsa chiyambi cha nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Japan m'derali. Zinapangitsanso kukwera kwautundu waku China komanso kufunitsitsa kwa dzikolo kuti apite patsogolo, zomwe zidatsogolera ku Xinhai Revolution ya 1911 ndikugwa kwa mzera wa Qing.