[Ekhethekileyo 20D] Unyaka omnye ukususela ekupheleni kwenkqubo yamaqela amabini.

#### Eli linqaku lomsebenzisi Alfademokratia ####

Namhlanje, ngoLwesibini, ngo-Disemba 20, i-2016, ibonisa unyaka omnye ukususela kwi-2015 yoNyulo oluPhambili lwaseSpain, olubizwa ngokuba yi "20D".
Nangona yayingelulo unyulo lokugqibela olwalubanjelwe kweli lizwe, kuyinyaniso ukuba baphawule ngaphambili nasemva kwezopolitiko zaseSpain, kwaye basenokuba ngomnye wabo bakhunjulwa kakhulu kumashumi eminyaka ezayo ngotshintsho ababelumele kwibhodi yezopolitiko yaseSpain. .

I-PP kunye ne-PSOE, amaqela amabini athi ukususela ngo-1982 afumene ngaphezu kwesiqingatha seevoti kunyulo ngalunye ukususela ngoko, awela kwi-50,72% yetotali kunye. Okubizwa ngokuba "amaqela asakhulayo" kwavela ngamandla: Podemos kunye noC.

Ngaloo ndlela, unyulo jikelele luphumelele i-Popular Party (kunye nemibutho yayo kunye ne-UPN, i-FAC kunye ne-PAR) kunye ne-28,71% yeevoti kunye nezihlalo ze-123 kwi-Congress of Deputies, ilahlekelwa ngamaphesenti angama-16,30 kunye nezihlalo ze-64. kwindlu ephantsi. ngokubhekiselele kunyulo jikelele lwe-2011. Kwalandelwa yi-Spanish Socialist Workers Party (ebandakanya i-PSC kunye ne-NC) kunye ne-22,01% yeevoti kunye nezihlalo ze-90, zishiya iipesenti ze-6,80 kunye nezihlalo ze-20 kunye nokufezekisa umphumo ombi kakhulu. kwimbali yayo ukusukela kwiNguqu. Okwesithathu kwakuyiPodemos kunye neengqungquthela zayo (En Comú Podem, Compromís-Vamos-És el Moment kunye ne-En Marea), eyafumana i-20,68% kunye nezihlalo ze-69 kwiCongress. U-C uphume kwindawo yesine nge-13,94% yeevoti kunye nezihlalo ezingama-40. Inxalenye eseleyo yegumbi yenziwe nge-IU (2), ERC (9), DiL (8), PNV (6), EHBildu (2) kunye neCC (1).

I-PSOE iphumelele kwiindawo ezizimeleyo zase-Andalusia nase-Extremadura, ngelixa i-Podemos iphumelele eCatalonia nakwilizwe laseBasque. I-PP yayilolona luhlu luneevoti ezininzi kwezilishumi elinesihlanu ezishiyekileyo. Ngokufanayo, i-PP iphumelele kumaphondo angamashumi amathathu anesixhenxe, i-PSOE kumathandathu, i-Podemos ezine, i-DiL ezimbini kunye ne-PNV kwenye.

Ukuwa kwe-PP, i-PSOE, i-IU kunye ne-UPyD, ukuvela kwamaqela amabini avelayo, i-Podemos kunye ne-C, kunye nokwahluka koqikelelo lonyulo phakathi kweenyanga kunye neentsuku (ingakumbi ngexesha le-2015) zivelele kwii-surveys.
Nangona kunjalo, ndicinga ukuba uninzi lwabafundi beli nqaku luya kwaziswa kakuhle ngayo yonke into ekuxoxiwe ngayo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kwaye abaninzi baya kuba belulandele olu phononongo kule forum. Masikhe sigxile kokwenzekileyo kulo nyaka sibuyele kubusuku bange-20 kaDisemba 2015.

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I-20 ngoDisemba 2015

UMariano Rajoy uphuma kwi-balcony ye-Génova 13 kwaye uthi i-PP iphumelele unyulo, ngaphandle kokugqamisa ngokukodwa ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwenkxaso yeqela lakhe. Ukususela kumzuzu wokuqala iphakamisa umfelandawonye omkhulu amanye amazwe amaninzi aseYurophu anorhulumente. U-Pedro Sánchez, e-Ferraz, unika intetho apho engayivumi nayiphi na into yokutshatyalaliswa nangona efezekisa iziphumo ezimbi kakhulu kwimbali ye-PSOE ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, apho aphikisana ngokuthe ngqo norhulumente omtsha wePP. U-Iglesias ubona ulindelo lwakhe lugqithise kakhulu, ngelixa uRivera enikezela intetho ephantsi ukuphendula kwimiphumo ephoxayo.

I-23 ngoDisemba 2015
UMariano Rajoy kunye noPedro Sánchez badibana eMoncloa ukuze bavavanye umnikelo owenziwe ngumntu wangaphambili kwi-socialists (i-coalition enkulu). Unobhala jikelele wePSOE uyayikhaba ngokuthe ngqo.

I-28 ngoDisemba 2015
IKomiti ye-Federal ye-PSOE, umhla obalulekileyo wokusekwa korhulumente. Apho kugqitywe ngobuninzi ukuba "umgca obomvu" weentlalontle ukufikelela kwisivumelwano kunye nePodemos iya kuba kubanjwe i-referendum eCatalonia, eya kudlula iingxoxo kwiinyanga ezizayo.

13 de enero de 2016
Umgaqo-siseko weCortes. I-PP, i-PSOE kunye ne-C iyavumelana kwitafile yeCongress kwaye uPatxi López unyulwe njengoMongameli wendlu ephantsi. UBescansa uthatha unyana wakhe ukuya kumsitho, ovelisa impikiswano kwigumbi. Emva koko, kuya kubakho iingxaki ngokusasazwa kwamaqela epalamente kwiCongress, ekuqaleni ukuthumela iPodemos-En Comú Podem-En Marea Group kwi "chicken coop."

22 de enero de 2016

Umjikelo wokuqala kaFelipe VI wonxibelelwano neenkokeli eziphambili zezopolitiko uqukumbela ngezibakala ezininzi ezifanelekileyo. UPablo Iglesias wazisa uKumkani ngokunikezela kwakhe ukuba avumelane norhulumente kunye ne-PSOE, i-IU kunye nezizwe ngezizwe ngaphandle kokuthetha ngaphambili noSánchez; Wathi akuva ezi ndaba, wamangaliswa yinto yokuba iPodemos sele isasaze i-ministries. Usuku luphetha ngokuhla kukaMariano Rajoy, umongameli obambeleyo, kwisiphakamiso sikaKumkani sokuba abe ngumgqatswa woMongameli kaRhulumente: "Andinayo inkxaso eyaneleyo (...)". Kwiintsuku kamva, uKumkani uya kuphinda aqalise ukubonisana.

2 Februwari we2016
Umjikelo wesibini wokubonisana no-HM uKumkani uFelipe VI uphela, okhetha uPedro Sánchez njengomgqatswa woMongameli kaRhulumente. UNobhala Jikelele we-PSOE uya kuba neeveki ezimbalwa ukufikelela kwisivumelwano esiya kumvumela ukuba anqobe uninzi olupheleleyo kwiCongress okanye, xa engaphumeleli, afezekise ii-eses ezininzi kunama-noes kwigumbi.

23 Februwari we2016
U-Pedro Sánchez, emva kweeveki ezimbalwa ezinzulu zoqhagamshelwano phakathi kwePodemos, i-C kunye namazwe ngamazwe, uvakalisa isivumelwano phakathi kwe-PSOE kunye ne-C. U-Albert Rivera ubeka unobhala jikelele we-PSOE emva kokufikelela kwisivumelwano kunye nokudala inqaku elibandakanya imilinganiselo yenkqubo karhulumente wamaqela omabini. I-PSOE ibiza iiPodemos ukuba ziyeke, ngelixa i-C yenza okufanayo kunye nePP; Nangona kunjalo, akukho namnye kwamanye amaqela amabini (PP kunye nePodemos) oya kuthatha isigqibo sokuyeka utyalo-mali.

28 Februwari we2016
Iziphumo zereferendamu ebanjwe kwiPSOE zokuphumeza isivumelwano sokusekwa kwayo neeC ziyabhengezwa. Kumbuzo othi "Ngaba uyazixhasa izivumelwano zokwenza urhulumente oqhubela phambili kunye nohlengahlengiso?", I-78,94% yamajoni athi "Ewe", xa kuthelekiswa ne-21,06% ephendula ngokuthi "Hayi". Intatho-nxaxheba yi-51,68%.

Nge-1-4 kaMatshi, 2016

Utyalo-mali lukaPedro Sánchez lwenzeka ngo-Matshi 1, i-2 kunye ne-4. Ngethuba lalo, i-PSOE kunye ne-C ikhuthaza amanye amaqela ukuba ayeke: i-PSOE "ixoshe i-PP kurhulumente" kwaye, i-C, "ukuvula ilizwe." Bobabini i-PP kunye nePodemos bakhusela ukugatya kwabo isivumelwano. I-PP iqwalasela isivumelwano phakathi kwe-PSOE-C "i-farce", ngelixa i-Podemos yenqaba ukuyeka ngenxa yokuba oku kuya kuthetha ukuxhasa "iprogram ye-center-right."
Ivoti yokuqala (ngoMatshi 2), apho isininzi esipheleleyo sasiyimfuneko, yaphela ngeevoti ze-130 ezixhasayo, i-219 echasayo kunye ne-1 yangavumi. Ngomhla we-3 ka-Matshi, i-PSOE yazama ukusondela kwi-Podemos "kwi-extremis" ngokuphakamisa amanyathelo oluntu amaninzi; Nangona kunjalo, i-Podemos ibona akwanelanga kwaye i-C yathi i-Sánchez yayingenalo igunya lokucebisa ezo ngongoma emva kokuba inkqubo yayivunyelwene ngaphambili.
Ngomhla we-4 Matshi, utyalo-mali lukaPedro Sánchez lwaba ngowokuqala kwidemokhrasi ukuba lungayi phambili: amasekela angama-131 avotela ngokuthanda (PSOE, C kunye neCC) kunye ne-219 ngokumelene (PP, Podemos, ERC, DiL, PNV, Compromís, IU, EHBildu, UPN , FAC kunye PAR).

7 April 2016
Emva kwenyanga apho zombini i-PSOE kunye ne-Podemos babeneengxaki zangaphakathi (eyokuqala kunye noSusana Díaz etyhala ingqungquthela ekulindeleke ukuba ibanjwe ngoMeyi 8 kunye neyesibini, kunye nokurhoxa kweenkokeli ezininzi emva kokugxothwa kukaSergio Pascual, ecaleni kwe-Íñigo. Errejón), uthethathethwano phakathi kwe-PSOE, i-Podemos kunye ne-C ekugqibeleni aluphumelelanga. Yonke into ikhomba kunyulo olutsha olubanjwe ngoJuni.

16 April 2016
I-referendum ebanjwe kwi-Podemos kwisivumelwano se-PSOE-C iyaqukunjelwa. Kumbuzo othi "Ngaba ufuna urhulumente osekelwe kwisivumelwano phakathi kweRivera noSánchez?", I-88,23% ye-militancy yathi "Hayi", ngelixa i-11,77% ivotele "Ewe". Kumbuzo othi "Ngaba uyavumelana nesiphakamiso sorhulumente wenguqu yePodemos, En Comú kunye ne-En Marea?", I-91,79% iphendule "Ewe", ngelixa i-8,21% iphendule "Hayi". Ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwe-72,96% yomkhosi osebenzayo, ii-Podemos zasebenzisa i-referendum ukukhaba ngokuqinisekileyo nasiphi na isivumelwano esisekelwe kwi-PSOE-C's.
Kusuku olungaphambili, uJosé Manuel Soria, umphathiswa wezoShishino, uya kunyanzelwa ukuba arhoxe ngenxa yokuvela kwakhe kwinto ebizwa ngokuba yi "Panama Papers." Inkokeli yePP yayiza kuba neenkampani "ezingaphandle" eBahamas iminyaka emininzi.

26 April 2016
Umjikelo wokugqibela kaKumkani wokubonisana uyaphela. I-Compromís ilungisa uxwebhu olunamanqaku angama-30 ejolise ngalo ukwenza isivumelwano somzuzu wokugqibela kurhulumente we-PSOE-Vamos-IU. I-PSOE yamkela uninzi lwamanyathelo, kodwa iphakamisa ukuba urhulumente abe yiminyaka emibini kwaye aholwe nguSánchez kunye nabazimeleyo. Iipodemo ziyayigatya. Ngenxa yoku, iinzame zokugqibela zokuseka urhulumente aziphumeleli, kuba iKumkani ingakhankanya namnye umgqatswa kwi-Ofisi kaMongameli.

Meyi 2 ye2016
IiCortes ziyachithwa kwaye iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ye-XI iqukumbela, ibe yeyona imfutshane kuyo yonke idemokhrasi: yahlala iintsuku ezili-111. Ulonyulo Jikelele lowama-2016 lubizelwe ngeCawa, umhla wama-26 kweyeSilimela.

Meyi 9 ye2016

U-Pablo Iglesias no-Alberto Garzón bavakalisa kwividiyo e-Puerta del Sol ukudibanisa kwamaqela abo (i-Podemos kunye ne-IU, ngokulandelanayo) kunyulo jikelele lwenyanga ezayo. Esi siganeko sasiza kwenzeka emva kweeveki eziliqela zothethathethwano olunzima, ekwathi ebudeni belo xesha uhlolisiso kunye nendibano (kamva olubhaptiziweyo “Unidos Podemos”) sele luqalisile ukupapashwa.

Isilimela 2016
Iphulo lonyulo lokhetho lwe-26J luphawulwe ngesibheno sePP kwivoti eluncedo ebusweni be-populism, ukungaphumeleli kotyalo-mali lukaPedro Sánchez kunye nokwaziwa ngokuba yi "sorpasso", isifiso se-Unidos Podemos ukudlula i-PSOE, ekhokelela. amaSpanish emka. Iipoli zipeyinta imeko apho iPP iya kugcina inkxaso, i-Unidos Podemos yayiza kudlula i-PSOE kunye ne-C yayiza kuncipha okanye iyancipha.

23 Juni ka 2016
Kwi-referendum yase-United Kingdom ngokuhlala kwayo kwi-European Union, "i-Brexit" iphumelele ngokungalindelekanga. Iphulo lolonyulo, esele lisebenze iiveki ezimbini, lishukunyiswe kwimizuzu yokugqibela ngulo msitho.

26 Juni ka 2016

Iziphumo zeNyulo Jikelele ze-2016 zingalindelekanga: i-PP iphumelele ukhetho kunye ne-33,01% yeevoti kunye nezihlalo ze-137, ukwandisa ngaphezu kweepesenti ezine kunye nezihlalo ze-14. Akukho "kumangalisa" kwiivoti okanye kwizihlalo: i-PSOE iphinda iphule umgangatho wayo wembali kwaye ihambela kwizihlalo ze-85 kwigumbi, nangona inyuka ngepesenti (22,63%). I-Unidos Podemos igcina izihlalo (71) kodwa ilahlekelwa ngaphezu kwesigidi seevoti xa kuthelekiswa nesamba se-Podemos, i-confluences yayo kunye ne-Izquierda Unida el 20D (21,15%). I-C iwa kancinane ukuya kwizihlalo ze-32 kwaye ilahlekelwa yizishumi ezininzi, idibanisa ukuya kwi-13,06% yeevoti. Amanye amaqela ahlala ngokubanzi: ERC (9), CDC (8), PNV (5), EHBildu (2) kunye neCC (1).
Ubusuku bonyulo luyimpembelelo ye-PP ka-Mariano Rajoy, egxininisa kwimbumbano enkulu. UPedro Sánchez unika intetho enethoni ephantsi, kodwa ejolise kwi-non-sorpasso. U-Iglesias unengxaki enkulu kwaye uRivera uphinde wanikezela ngee-C's ukwenza urhulumente.

28 de julio de 2016
Umjikelo wokuqala wokubonisana no-HM uKumkani uFelipe VI emva konyulo jikelele ngoJuni uphela. Ukumkani ukhetha uMariano Rajoy njengomgqatswa kuMongameli kaRhulumente. Ekuqaleni, u-Albert Rivera uthatha isigqibo sokuba u-C uyayeka "uxanduva" kunye nokuvula imeko, kwaye ubongoza uPedro Sánchez ukuba enze okufanayo. USánchez uhlala "Hayi" kuMariano Rajoy, egxininisa kuyo kwinyanga ephelileyo.

Nge-Agasti 2016
Emva kokuba uAlbert Rivera ebhengeze ngo-Agasti 9 ukuba uC uza kuthethathethana nePP "Ewe" kuMariano Rajoy ukuba wamkela iimeko ezintandathu, uqhagamshelwano lwaqala ngokusemthethweni nge-22nd yaloo nyanga. Ngomhla wama-28 ku-Agasti, i-PP kunye ne-C bavala isivumelwano sikarhulumente kunye nemilinganiselo ye-150, phakathi kwayo i-100 ikhona kwisivumelwano se-PSOE-C, ngenjongo yokukhuthaza i-PSOE ukuba iyeke. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko i-Unidos Podemos kunye nabelizwe bekhusela, i-PSOE iyaqhubeka ithi "Hayi" kuMariano Rajoy.

Agasti 30-Septemba 2, 2016
Utyalo-mali lokuqala lukaMariano Rajoy lwenzeka ngo-Agasti 30 kunye ne-31 kunye noSeptemba 2 walo nyaka. Ngethuba lalo, i-PSOE, i-Unidos Podemos kunye namaqela esizwe agxininisa "Hayi" ku-Mariano Rajoy, ngelixa i-PP kunye ne-C's bazama ukukholisa i-socialists ukuba bayeke ukukhulula ilizwe. Zomibini ezokuqala (i-31 ka-Agasti) kunye neyesibini (ngoSeptemba 2) ivoti yaba nesiphumo esifanayo: amasekela angama-170 avotele umviwa (PP, C kunye neCC) kunye ne-180 avotela ngokuchasene (PSOE, Unidos Podemos, ERC, PDEC, PNV kunye ne-EHBildu).
Ukuvalwa kwezopolitiko eSpain kwaqhubeka emva kotyalo-mali. Ukususela ngoko, amathuba onyulo lwesithathu, ekucingelwa ukuba lubanjwe ngoDisemba 25, 2016, anda kakhulu.

25 Septemba ye-2016
Iziphumo zoNyulo oluZimeleyo eGalicia kunye neLizwe laseBasque lichaphazela umgaqo-nkqubo wombuso: ngelixa i-PP iqiniswa ngokuhlaziya uninzi olupheleleyo eGalicia, i-PSOE ifikelela ubuncinci bembali kwiindawo ezimbini zokuhlala. I-Podemos inika "i-sorpasso", kodwa e-Galicia ilingana ne-PSdG kwizihlalo kunye nelizwe laseBasque lifumana iziphumo eziphantsi kakhulu kunokuba zilindelwe. U-C akakwazi ukungena nokuba kukuphi ukuzimela kwezi zimbini.

28 Septemba ye-2016
Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa ze-hangover yonyulo kwi-PSOE, iinkokeli ze-18 kunye namalungu eenkokeli zeqela anikezela ukurhoxa kwabo eFerraz, ngenjongo yokunyanzelisa ukurhoxa kukaNobhala Jikelele, uPedro Sánchez; Noko ke, inkokeli yesoshiyali ngelo xesha yazikhusela ngenqaku elaliyichaza ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo imimiselo.

1 Oktobha ka-2016
I-Federal Committee ye-PSOE iyenzeka, ehlanganiswe nguPedro Sánchez emva kokwazi iziphumo ze-25S. Kulindeleke kakhulu kwicala leentatheli namaqela ahlukeneyo, ngenxa yemeko elithe lazifumana likuyo lo mbutho emva kokurhoxa kobunkokeli nokuqhekeka okubonakalayo.
Emva kweeyure ezininzi apho kuthatyathwa khona ikhefu, iKomiti iqhuma ibe yisiphithiphithi phakathi kwabo bafuna ukususa i-Sánchez kunye nokufaka umphathi kunye nabo bathanda ukubamba iCongress phakathi ku-Okthobha. Ezinye iinkokeli zobusoshiyali ziyayishiya iFerraz. Ekugqibeleni, ivoti lenzeka apho isigqibo senziwe phakathi kweemodeli ezimbini ezicetywayo, umphumo ube ngamavoti angama-132 ngokuchasene neprojekthi ye-Sánchez xa kuthelekiswa ne-107 evumayo.
Kungekudala emva koko, uPedro Sánchez ubhengeza ukuyeka kwakhe njengoNobhala Jikelele weSpanish Socialist Workers Party. Umphathi oza kukhokela umdlalo kude kube namhlanje ngobusuku obunye uyaqala ukuhlanganiswa.

23 Oktobha ka-2016
IKomiti entsha ye-Federal ye-PSOE apho ivuma ngokusemthethweni ukungahoywa kweqela kwiseshoni yesibini yotyalo-mali olutsha lukaMariano Rajoy, olucwangciselwe ukuphela kwenyanga, nangona isindululo sinenkcaso ethile evela kumalungu athambekele eSánchez. Amanye amasekela, afana nalawo avela kwi-PSC, ayala ukuzikhwebula kwi-PP.

Nge-26-29 kaOkthobha, 2016
Ngo-Oktobha 26, i-27 kunye ne-29, utyalo-mali lwesibini lukaMariano Rajoy we-XII Legislature lwenzeka. Umgqatswa kuMongameli kaRhulumente wenze intetho ebhenela kwi-PSOE njengeqabane elinokubakho ukuze indlu yowiso-mthetho ibe nde. I-PSOE, emelwe ngelo xesha ngu-Antonio Hernando, ikhusele ukugatywa kwePP kwivoti yokuqala kunye nokuyeka ngenxa "yoxanduva" okwesibini, kodwa yagxininisa ukuba baya kuqhubeka beyinkcaso. Ngecala lakhe, u-Iglesias wagxeka kakhulu i-PSOE ngokushiya "Akukho kuthetha Hayi" kwaye wavakalisa inkokeli entsha yenkcaso eSpain "de facto", enikwa inkxaso engathanga ngqo ye-socialists ye-PP. U-Rivera ubonakala enelisekile kwimeko kodwa wakhumbuza i-PP yesivumelwano ababesayine kunye nokuthotyelwa kwayo okunyanzelekileyo.
Ivoti yokuqala, eyenziwa ngo-Oktobha 27, ifumene umphumo ofanayo ngexesha lotyalo-mali lokuqala lukaRajoy ngaloo nyaka: iivoti ze-170 ezithandwayo (PP, C kunye neCC) kunye ne-180 ngokumelene (PSOE, Unidos Podemos, ERC, PDEC, PNV kunye ne-EHBildu) .
Nangona kunjalo, eyesibini (i-29 ka-Oktobha) yayiyimbali ngenxa yokwahlulwa kweQela lePalamente ye-Socialist kwivoti kunye nokuba, ngokumangalisayo, enye yeevoti ezimbalwa ezichasene nedemokhrasi: amasekela angama-170 avotele (PP, C kunye neCC ), I-111 ngokuchasene (i-Unidos Podemos, i-16 amasekela avela kwi-PSOE, i-ERC, i-PDEC, i-PNV kunye ne-EHBildu) kunye ne-68 abstentions (zonke zivela kwi-PSOE, ezinye "ngokunyanzelekileyo").
Emva kotyalo-mali, uMariano Rajoy uphinde wanyulwa njengoMongameli kaRhulumente waseSpain, ephelisa iintsuku ze-314 zorhulumente kwiofisi kunye nokuvalwa kwezopolitiko kunye neziko.

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Isiphelo somntu [Uluvo olukhethekileyo]

Ulonyulo Jikelele lwe-2015 mhlawumbi yayiyimbali, unyulo olunempembelelo kunye nolugqibekileyo kule nkulungwane eSpain. Andiqinisekanga ukuba unyulo jikelele lwe-2004, i-2011 kunye nonyulo lwaseYurophu lwe-2014 lwaluyintsilelo ngokulinganayo ekuqondeni imeko namhlanje, kodwa ngokobuqu ndiqinisekile ukuba i-20D iyona nto ibalulekileyo, ekubeni inkathazo yenkqubo yamaqela amabini yahlanganiswa. kunye nokuvela kwamaqela amabini amatsha ezopolitiko kwinqanaba likazwelonke, iPodemos kunye neCiudadanos.

Ukuwa kwePP, i-PSOE, i-IU kunye ne-UPyD nayo imele ukuphela kwesigaba kwizopolitiko zaseSpain. Kwimeko yePP, ukuwa kwakukhulu kunoko kwe-PSOE kwixesha le-2008-11, ukufikelela kumanqanaba e-1989. I-PSOE, njengoko sele ikhankanywe, yaphula umhlaba wayo wonyulo kunye nezihlalo ze-90. Izquierda Unida yawa ngenxa yokutyhala Podemos. I-UPyD, kwelakhe icala, yanyamalala kwibhodi yezopolitiko emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa zothethathethwano olungaphumeleliyo kunye neeC, ezaziza kuthatha uninzi lwabavoti bayo. Iziphumo zolonyulo jikelele azinakuqondwa ngaphandle kokubuyela kwizizathu zazo; Nangona kunjalo, ukwenza oku, kufuneka sibuyele emva kwiminyaka emininzi (kunye nonyulo jikelele).

NgoMeyi 2011, kwiinyanga zokugqibela zorhulumente waseZapatero, kwavela intshukumo eyayinokuthi, ngokweevoti, imfesane engazange ibonwe ngaphambili: i-15M, okanye i-Movement ye-Indignados. Yaqala njengohambo olulula lokumisa inkampu ePuerta del Sol, kodwa, njengoko iinyanga zaziqengqeleka, yayiza kukhokelela kwiindibano zemihla ngemihla ekwakuza kuxoxwa kuzo ngeembono ezahlukeneyo zobupolitika. Kuya kuba ngoNovemba 20, 2011 xa uMariano Rajoy ephumelele unyulo ngesininzi esipheleleyo kunokuba uJosé María Aznar aphumelele kwi-2000: izihlalo ze-186 zenziwe nge-blue blue kwiCongress.

UMariano Rajoy ukwazile ukuhlala iminyaka esibhozo kwinkcaso, de wadibana nokudubula kweqamza lezindlu kunye nemeko yezoqoqosho neyemali yehlabathi eyaqala ngo-2008 kwaye yakhatywa izihlandlo ezininzi nguMongameli kaRhulumente ngelo xesha, uJosé Luis Rodríguez Zapatero. . Oko kwahlanganisa lonke ilungelo laseSpain lokuthemba uMariano Rajoy njengenkokeli elandelayo yelizwe. Noko ke, kungekudala waqalisa ukusilela ukuthobela amanqaku kucwangciso lwakhe. KwakungoDisemba 2011, emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa emva kokumiselwa kukaMongameli, xa urhulumente wePP wabhengeza ukunqunyulwa okukhulu kwimbali yaseSpain kunye nokunyuka kweerhafu phakathi kweengxaki zezoqoqosho ezazisiba mbi ngakumbi eSpain. Injongo yako konke oku yayikukunqanda ibheyile entsha eyayiza kuyishiya iSpeyin isecicini lokutshona.

URajoy wayelixhoba leemfuno zaseBrussels, yonke into kufuneka ithi, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba wayeka ukuxoka kubavoti bakhe. Ngaphaya koko, awona mahlebeko aye abonakala kwiMfundo nezeMpilo, izifundo ezibini ezingundoqo kuphuhliso lwelizwe. Ukunciphisa iMfundo kuya kuthetha ukucutha umgangatho wemfundo, kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kuphuhliso lwengqondo lwabantu abaza kukhokela ilizwe kwixesha elizayo. Ukunciphisa iMpilo kuya kuthetha ukudala imigca emide kwigumbi likaxakeka xa ukhathalelo lufuneka kakhulu.

Ayiphelelanga apha yonke into. Unyaka ka-2013 yayingunyaka apho yonke into yayiza kuzinza ngotshintsho lwezopolitiko olwaluza kwenzeka kunyaka olandelayo, kunyulo lwaseYurophu. Ityala leBárcenas lelinye lawona maxesha akhwankqisayo kwaye aphezulu kwimbali yelizwe kuba, ngokutsho kowayesakuba ngunondyebo wePP (kunye namaxwebhu athile awanike wona njengobungqina), iqela likarhulumente laliza kuba ne-B accounting. ukususela koorhulumente baseAznar. Oko kwakuthetha ukuba, kwakhona, ukuhla kweepesenti zePP kwii-polls, nangona kunjalo, zaqhubeka zihamba phambili kuzo ngenxa yokutyhala okuncinci kwe-PSOE (eyayithwele ukukhanyela ubunzima bezoqoqosho). Akukho ne-IU okanye i-UPyD engakwaziyo ukubamba i-PSOE kwii-polls, nangona ukunyuka kwabo ngokucacileyo ukususela kunyulo lokugqibela, olubikezele inkqubo yamaqela amane kwixesha elizayo.

Ekupheleni kuka-2013, amaqela amaninzi ezopolitiko aye anda ngenxa yokunganeliseki kwabemi ngurhulumente okhoyo kunye nodidi lwezopolitiko, xa sithetha ngokubanzi. I-Ciudadanos, iqela kude kube ngoko ukubaluleka kweCatalan (kunye nobuncinci bePalamente), yagqiba ekubeni iqhube kwiNyulo yaseYurophu ye-2014 kwinqanaba likazwelonke, ngenjongo yokufumana ukumelwa kwepalamente. Amaqela afana nePACMA (eyayikho iminyaka) okanye iVox (eyasungulwa ekuqaleni kwe-2014) ibonakala ngokuqinileyo kwii-polls okokuqala. I-Podemos nayo yasekwa ekuqaleni kwe-2014, kwaye yayiyeyona nto yayiza kuphawula esi sizukulwana esitsha samaqela ngenxa yokuba babegqalwa njengeendlalifa ze-15M ngenxa yeefom zayo kunye nokuguqulwa kwayo ekuqaleni kwayo. NgoMeyi 25, i-2014, yintoni eya kuba yinqanaba elitsha lezopolitiko zaseSpain zaqala: i-PP kunye ne-PSOE ayizange sumarnge 50% yeevoti; I-IU kunye ne-UPyD ayizange ihlangabezane nolindelo ababeyilindele. I-Podemos kunye no-C bafumene ukumelwa kwepalamente (owokuqala ukubeka iqela lesine kwinqanaba likazwelonke) kunye nabanye abafana noVox bahlala besondele kakhulu kuyo. Abantu baseSpain babethethile.

Okunye yimbali. I-Podemos yanda ngexesha leenyanga ezilandelayo de ifikelele iincopho zophando phakathi kokuphela kwe-2014 kunye nokuqala kwe-15 ', xa ingcamango yokuguquka yaqala ukufiphala kwiintetho zabo kwaye balahlekelwa ukuthembeka. I-Ciudadanos yavela ngamandla "njengeqela lesine" kwiinyanga ezilandelayo, emva kokungaphumeleli kweengxoxo phakathi kweqela likaRivera kunye neqela likaDíez. Unyulo lwengingqi lwe-2015 lwalunye uphawu lokuba imeko ayizange ibuyele umva, kwaye, ngoSeptemba 27 waloo nyaka, uCiudadanos wakwazi ukuba yinkokeli yenkcaso eCatalonia. Ke, iinyanga ezingaphambi kwe-20D yayiluphando oluye lweza ukuqikelela, njengokuba kuya kwenzeka ngaphambi kwe-26J, iimeko ezingazange zibonwe.

Ngaphandle kwento esele ndiyithethile kwicandelo langaphambili leli nqaku, eliqala ixesha elide, into esiyifumene kulo nyaka iya kuba sesinye sezona zigaba zingazange zibonwe ngaphambili kwiMbali yezoPolitiko zaseSpain: siye sabona uphando oluninzi oluchazwe. iimeko ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiintsuku ezingaphambi kwe-20D ukuya kwezo sizihlalutye kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, kunye nokusilela kwinqanaba elikhulu; Siye sabona indlela amaqela asakhasayo, anje ngePodemos kunye neCiudadanos, alahlekelwe ngayo yonke into entsha kunye nokutsha kwaye afane nabanye emehlweni uninzi lwabemi. Sibonile ukuba la maqela ezopolitiko ngoku ajongana njani neengxaki zangaphakathi ezithi zenze mandundu imbono kawonke-wonke ngawo, ukuba kunokwenzeka. Siye sabona ukukhutshwa kwe-PSOE kutyalo-mali lwe-PP, into eyayingenakuze ilindeleke kude kube kutshanje. Siye sabona ukunyulwa kwakhona kukaMariano Rajoy, owayenguMongameli kaRhulumente ngexesha leNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ye-XNUMX kwaye yayiza kuba neyona nto iphantsi yokulinganisa ukuthandwa kwimbali.

Siye sabona kwakhona, ngamafutshane, ukungaqondi kwabantu baseSpeyin kwicala lezobupolitika lelizwe labo. Kodwa iyakwazi, kwaye kuphela, ukuba kwiminyaka embalwa yonke into iya kutshintsha kwaye uluntu lwaseSpain luya kufumana urhulumente oqondayo kwaye olwela abantu bakhe. Urhulumente ofanele ukumela abantu baseSpain. Kwaye loo rhulumente, ngokoluvo lwam, ayizukuba ngomnye wamaqela amakhulu kweli lizwe namhlanje.

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